Many lemma entries also provide information on relations to other lemmata. Types of such relations are:
Reference relation (“substituted by / referred to from”): Revoked, obsolete, or referencing lemmata, i.e., those with the editorial status “inactive,” link to their respective substitute (and vice versa).
In accordance with the widely accepted grammatical analysis that adjectives and corresponding verbal lemmata are productively related, adjectives usually provide links to the respective (superordinate) verbal lemma (and vice versa).
Collocational lemmata entries such as jri̯ (sḫr.w) ‘to take care’ link to their superordinate kernel lemma (jri̯ ‘to make’). Likewise entries that represent contextually especially noteworthy semantics such as jri̯ (plus descendant name) ‘to engender’ link to their superordinate lemma (jri̯ ‘to make’).
Diachronic relation (“successor / predecessor”): Historically related entries in the hieroglyphic/hieratic lemma list and the Demotic lemma list are interlinked as successors or predecessors, respectively. (still in progress.)
Part/whole relation (“parts / part of”): Multi-word lemmata, i.e., lemma that consist of two or more words, provide links to the lemma entries for their respective parts (and vice versa). For example, the compound ḥw.t-nṯr “temple” refers to the two separate lemmata ḥw.t “mansion” and nṯr “god” (and vice versa). (still in progress.)
Root relation (“root / root of”): Entries for basic, i.e., single-word lemmata provide references to their consonantal root (and vice versa).
For some of the relations, it is possible to see the attestations of the main lemma together with the attestations of the hierarchically linked lemmata (recursively).
Editor(s):
AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache;
with contributions by:
Lisa Seelau,
Annik Wüthrich,
Simon D. Schweitzer,
Amr El Hawary
Data file created:
before June 2015 (1992–2015),
latest revision:
29 Sep 2025
Related lemmata
Please cite as:
(Full citation)
"njs" (Lemma ID 80210) <https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/lemma/80210>, edited by AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, with contributions byLisa Seelau, Annik Wüthrich, Simon D. Schweitzer, Amr El Hawary,
in: Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae,
Corpus edition 20, Web app version 2.5.2, 20 Aug 2026, ed. by Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning on behalf of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils on behalf of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig (accessed: xx.xx.20xx)
(Short citation)
https://thesaurus-linguae-aegyptiae.de/lemma/80210, in: Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae
(accessed: xx.xx.20xx)
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