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Search parameter: Lemma ID = 32820 Historical successors = ✓
Search results: 971–980 of 3477 sentences with occurrences (incl. reading variants).

nfr=w(j) ꜣ mꜣ.w j:q{j}ꜣ=wj 〈ꜣ〉 mꜣ.w 992b pr.t nṯr pn jr p.t mj pr.t jt(j) (J)tm(.w) jr p.t 992c bꜣ =f tp =f ḥkꜣ.w =f jr gs.DU =f šꜥ.t =f jr rd.DU =f 993a P/A/W 41 = 200 jni̯.[n] =[f] [nʾ.t.PL] [n] Ppy pn zerstört sp(ꜣ).t.PL n Ppy ⸢p⸣n 993b dmḏ.[n] =[f] [n] =[f] [m]⸢s⸣[m].PL


    nfr=w(j)
    verb_3-lit
    de
    schön sein
    Admir.partcl.wj
    ADJ-excl

    ꜣ
    particle_enclitic
    de
    doch (zur Verstärkung); [Partikel]
    (unspecified)
    =PTCL

    mꜣ.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Anblick
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    j:q{j}ꜣ=wj
    verb_3-inf
    de
    erhaben sein
    Admir.partcl.wj
    ADJ-excl

    〈ꜣ〉
    particle_enclitic
    de
    doch (zur Verstärkung); [Partikel]
    (unspecified)
    =PTCL

    mꜣ.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Anblick
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    992b
     
     
     
     

    pr.t
    verb_3-inf
    de
    emporsteigen
    Inf.t
    V\inf

    nṯr
    substantive_masc
    de
    Gott
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    pn
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    dieser [Dem.Pron. sg.m.]
    (unspecified)
    dem.m.sg

    jr
    preposition
    de
    zu (lok.)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    p.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Himmel
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    mj
    preposition
    de
    wie
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    pr.t
    verb_3-inf
    de
    emporsteigen
    Inf.t
    V\inf

    jt(j)
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    (J)tm(.w)
    gods_name
    de
    Atum
    (unspecified)
    DIVN

    jr
    preposition
    de
    zu (lok.)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    p.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Himmel
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    992c
     
     
     
     

    bꜣ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Ba (Seelenkraft als Teil der Persönlichkeit)
    Noun.sg.stpr.3sgm
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    tp
    preposition
    de
    auf
    Prep.stpr.3sgm
    PREP:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    ḥkꜣ.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Zauber; Zauberkraft
    Noun.sg.stpr.3sgm
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    jr
    preposition
    de
    an (lok.)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    gs.DU
    substantive_masc
    de
    Seite
    Noun.du.stpr.3sgm
    N.m:du:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    šꜥ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Schrecken
    Noun.sg.stpr.3sgm
    N.f:sg:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    jr
    preposition
    de
    [in Richtung auf (e. Ort, e. Sache, e. Person)]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    rd.DU
    substantive_masc
    de
    Fuß
    Noun.du.stpr.3sgm
    N.m:du:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    993a
     
     
     
     

    P/A/W 41 = 200
     
     
     
     

    jni̯.[n]
    verb_3-inf
    de
    bringen
    SC.n.act.ngem.3sgm
    V\tam.act-ant:stpr

    =[f]
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    [nʾ.t.PL]
    substantive_fem
    de
    Dorf; Stadt
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.f:pl

    [n]
    preposition
    de
    [Dativ: Nutzen]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    Ppy
    kings_name
    de
    Pepi
    (unspecified)
    ROYLN

    pn
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    dieser [Dem.Pron. sg.m.]
    (unspecified)
    dem.m.sg

    zerstört
     
     
     
     

    sp(ꜣ).t.PL
    substantive_fem
    de
    Gau; Bezirk
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.f:pl

    n
    preposition
    de
    [Dativ: Nutzen]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    Ppy
    kings_name
    de
    Pepi
    (unspecified)
    ROYLN

    ⸢p⸣n
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    dieser [Dem.Pron. sg.m.]
    (unspecified)
    dem.m.sg

    993b
     
     
     
     

    dmḏ.[n]
    verb_3-lit
    de
    (sich) vereinigen
    SC.n.act.ngem.3sgm
    V\tam.act-ant:stpr

    =[f]
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    [n]
    preposition
    de
    [Dativ: Nutzen]
    Prep.stpr.3sgm
    PREP:stpr

    =[f]
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    [m]⸢s⸣[m].PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    [Landbez.]
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.m:pl
With commentary
de
Wie schön ist doch der Anblick, wie erhaben/erhebend(?)/ trefflich(?) ist 〈doch〉 der Anblick des Aufsteigens dieses Gottes zum Himmel wie das Aufsteigen des Vaters Atum zum Himmel, mit seinem Ba auf ihm, seinem Zauber an seinen Seiten, seinem Schrecken zu seinen Füßen, nachdem [er (Atum) für] diesen Pepi [die Städte] geholt hat, für diesen Pepi die Gaue [vereinigt hat] und [für ihn] ⸢die msm-Ländereien⸣ zusammengefügt hat.
Dating (time frame):
Pepi I. Merire
Author(s): Doris Topmann; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 14 Nov 2019)
Glyphs artificially arranged

1 j Ḏḥwtj smꜣꜥ-ḫrw 2 Wsjr r ḫftj.w =f sḫt =k ḫftj.w n.w Wsjr NN nb-jmꜣḫ m-bꜣḥ ḏꜣḏꜣ.t n.t nṯr nb nṯr.t nb.t 3 m-bꜣḥ ḏꜣḏꜣ.t ꜥꜣ.t jm.j.t Jwn.w grḥ pf n ꜥḥꜣ-ꜥ n sḫr.t sbj.w pw jm.j.t Ḏd.w grḥ 4 pf sꜥḥꜥ ḏd.wj jm.j.t Ḫm m grḥ pf n (j)ḫ.t-ḫꜣ.wj m Ḫm jm.j.t Pi̯ 5 Dp.w m grḥ pf n smn.t jwꜥ.wt n Ḥr.w m (j)ḫ.t jti̯ =f Wsjr jm.j.t jdb.DU[-rḫt.j] 6 grḥ pf jri̯.{t}n Ꜣs.t jꜣkb m-sꜣ sn =s Wsjr jm.j.t Ꜣbḏ.w grḥ pf n hꜣkr 7 n ṯnu̯.t mt.PL ꜣḫ.w 〈jm.j.t〉 wꜣ.t mt.PL grḥ pf n jri̯.t sjp.tj m jw.tj.PL sw jm.j.t ḫbs-tꜣ 8 ꜥꜣ jm.j.t n-jꜣrr=f jm.j.t Rʾ-sṯꜣ.w grḥ pf n smꜣꜥ-ḫrw Ḥr.w r ḫftj.w =f


    1
     
     
     
     

    j
    interjection
    de
    [Interjektion]; oh!
    (unedited)
    INTJ(infl. unedited)

    Ḏḥwtj
    gods_name
    de
    GN/Thot
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    smꜣꜥ-ḫrw
    verb
    de
    rechtfertigen; triumphieren lassen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    2
     
     
     
     

    Wsjr
    gods_name
    de
    GN/Osiris
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    r
    preposition
    de
    gegen (Personen)
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    ḫftj.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Feind
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    er [pron. suff. 3. masc. sg.]
    (unedited)
    -3sg.m

    sḫt
    verb_3-lit
    de
    fangen (mit Netz)
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    =k
    personal_pronoun
    de
    du [pron. suff. 2. masc. sg.]
    (unedited)
    -2sg.m

    ḫftj.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Feind
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    n.w
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    Wsjr
    title
    de
    [Totentitel]
    (unedited)
    TITL(infl. unedited)

    NN
     
     
     
     

    nb-jmꜣḫ
    title
    de
    als Beiwort des versorgten Verstorbenen
    (unedited)
    TITL(infl. unedited)

    m-bꜣḥ
    preposition
    de
    vor, in Gegenwart von
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    ḏꜣḏꜣ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Behörde, Kollegium, (Toten-)Gericht
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    n.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    nṯr
    substantive_masc
    de
    Gott
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    nb
    adjective
    de
    jede/r
    (unedited)
    ADJ(infl. unedited)

    nṯr.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Göttin
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    nb.t
    adjective
    de
    jede/r
    (unedited)
    ADJ(infl. unedited)

    3
     
     
     
     

    m-bꜣḥ
    preposition
    de
    vor, in Gegenwart von
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    ḏꜣḏꜣ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Behörde, Kollegium, (Toten-)Gericht
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    ꜥꜣ.t
    adjective
    de
    groß, viel, lang, alt, erhaben
    (unedited)
    ADJ(infl. unedited)

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    Jwn.w
    place_name
    de
    Heliopolis
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    ꜥḥꜣ-ꜥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    das Kämpfen, der Kampf
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    sḫr.t
    verb_caus_2-lit
    de
    fällen, niederwerfen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    sbj.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Frevler, Rebell
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pw
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    dieser, [pron. dem. masc. sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.m.sg

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    Ḏd.w
    place_name
    de
    ON/Busiris
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    4
     
     
     
     

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    sꜥḥꜥ
    verb_caus_3-lit
    de
    aufstellen, hochheben, festsetzen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    ḏd.wj
    substantive_masc
    de
    Pfeiler
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    Ḫm
    place_name
    de
    Letopolis (im Delta)
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    m
    preposition
    de
    in, am [temporal]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    (j)ḫ.t-ḫꜣ.wj
    substantive_fem
    de
    Abendopfer
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    m
    preposition
    de
    in, zu, an, aus [lokal]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    Ḫm
    place_name
    de
    Letopolis (im Delta)
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    Pi̯
    place_name
    de
    ON/[Stadt, die später Buto bildet]
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    5
     
     
     
     

    Dp.w
    place_name
    de
    ON/[Stadt, die später Buto bildet]
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    m
    preposition
    de
    in, am [temporal]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    smn.t
    verb_caus_2-lit
    de
    bleiben lassen, feststellen, festsetzen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    jwꜥ.wt
    substantive_fem
    de
    Erbe, Erbschaft
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    Ḥr.w
    gods_name
    de
    GN/Horus
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    m
    preposition
    de
    partitiv]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    (j)ḫ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Besitz
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    jti̯
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    er [pron. suff. 3. masc. sg.]
    (unedited)
    -3sg.m

    Wsjr
    gods_name
    de
    GN/Osiris
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    jdb.DU[-rḫt.j]
    place_name
    de
    Die Beiden Wäscher-Ufer
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    6
     
     
     
     

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    jri̯.{t}n
    verb_3-inf
    de
    machen, tun, fertigen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    Ꜣs.t
    gods_name
    de
    Isis
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    jꜣkb
    substantive_masc
    de
    Trauer
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    m-sꜣ
    preposition
    de
    hinter, nach [lok. u. temp.]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    sn
    substantive_masc
    de
    Bruder
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    =s
    personal_pronoun
    de
    sie [pron. suff. 3. fem. sg.]
    (unedited)
    -3sg.f

    Wsjr
    gods_name
    de
    GN/Osiris
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    Ꜣbḏ.w
    place_name
    de
    Abydos
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    hꜣkr
    artifact_name
    de
    [Fest in Abydos]
    (unedited)
    PROPN(infl. unedited)

    7
     
     
     
     

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    ṯnu̯.t
    verb_3-lit
    de
    zählen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    mt.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Toter
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    ꜣḫ.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Ach-Geist, Verklärter
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    〈jm.j.t〉
     
     
    (unedited)
    (infl. unedited)

    wꜣ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Weg; Seite
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    mt.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Toter
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    jri̯.t
    verb
    de
    Revision abhalten
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    sjp.tj
    substantive
    de
    Revision
    (unedited)
    N(infl. unedited)

    m
    preposition
    de
    über, wegen, gemäß u.a. [idiomatisch]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    jw.tj.PL
    relative_pronoun
    de
    [neg. Relativum]
    (unedited)
    REL(infl. unedited)

    sw
    personal_pronoun
    de
    er, [pron. enkl. 3. masc. sg.]
    (unedited)
    =3sg.m

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    ḫbs-tꜣ
    verb
    de
    Erdaufhacken
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    8
     
     
     
     

    ꜥꜣ
    adjective
    de
    groß, viel, lang, alt, erhaben
    (unedited)
    ADJ(infl. unedited)

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    n-jꜣrr=f
    place_name
    de
    ON
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    jm.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    befindlich in
    (unedited)
    PREP-adjz(infl. unedited)

    Rʾ-sṯꜣ.w
    place_name
    de
    ON/Rosetau
    (unedited)
    TOPN(infl. unedited)

    grḥ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Nacht
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    pf
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    jener, [pron. dem. masc.sg.]
    (unedited)
    dem.dist.m.sg

    n
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    smꜣꜥ-ḫrw
    verb
    de
    jmdn. rechtfertigen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    Ḥr.w
    gods_name
    de
    GN/Horus
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    r
    preposition
    de
    gegen (Personen), zum (Lohn) [Richtg., Zweck]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    ḫftj.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Feind
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    er [pron. suff. 3. masc. sg.]
    (unedited)
    -3sg.m
Glyphs artificially arranged
de
Oh Thot, der Osiris gegen seine Feinde triumphieren läßt, mögest du die Feinde des Osiris NN, wohlversorgt, einfangen, in Gegenwart des Gerichtshofs jedes Gottes und jeder Göttin, vor dem großen Gerichtshof, der in Heliopolis tagt, in jener Nacht des Kampfes, des Niederwerfens dieser (Sg. mask., sic!) Rebellen; der in Busiris tagt, in jener Nacht des Aufrichten der beiden(sic!) Djed-Pfeiler; der in Letopolis tagt, in jener Nacht des Abendopfers in Letopolis; der in Pe und Dep tagt, in jener Nacht der Festsetzung des Erbes des Horus aus dem Besitz seines Vaters Osiris; der in den Beiden [Wäscher-]Ufern tagt, in jener Nacht, da Isis hinter ihrem Bruder Osiris (stehend) die (Toten)klage ausführte; der in Abydos tagt, in jener Nacht des Haker-Festes, des Zählens der Toten und "Verklärten"; [der im] Weg der Toten [tagt], in jener Nacht des Durchführens der Abrechnung an denen, die es nicht gibt; der in der Großen Erdaufhackung tagt; der in Naref tagt; der in Rosetau tagt, in jener Nacht, da Horus über seine Feinde triumphieren gelassen wird!
Dating (time frame):
Thutmosis IV. Mencheperure
Author(s): Burkhard Backes; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, Sophie Diepold (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 14 Apr 2022)
Glyphs artificially arranged

ṯ{n}〈z〉i̯ t(w) (J)tm(.w) ⸮j?[t](j) nṯr.PL zerstört


    ṯ{n}〈z〉i̯
    verb_3-inf
    de
    aufrichten
    SC.act.ngem.nom.subj
    V\tam.act

    t(w)
    personal_pronoun
    de
    dich [Enkl. Pron. sg.2.m.]
    (unspecified)
    =2sg.m

    (J)tm(.w)
    gods_name
    de
    Atum
    (unspecified)
    DIVN

    ⸮j?[t](j)
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    Noun.sg.stc
    N.m:sg:stc

    nṯr.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Gott
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.m:pl

    zerstört
     
     
     
     
Glyphs artificially arranged
de
Atum, der ⸢Vater⸣ der Götter, richtet dich auf [...]
Dating (time frame):
26. Dynastie
Author(s): Doris Topmann; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, Anja Weber (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 02 Aug 2023)

linke Person:1 [zꜣ.t]-nswt-n.t-ẖ.t=f linke Person:2 Zerstörung jri̯ jtj =s linke Person:3 Zerstörung [Špss.]t-kꜣ.w


    linke Person:1
     
     
     
     

    [zꜣ.t]-nswt-n.t-ẖ.t=f
    title
    de
    leibliche Tochter des Königs
    (unspecified)
    TITL

    linke Person:2
     
     
     
     

    Zerstörung
     
     
     
     

    jri̯
    verb_3-inf
    de
    machen; tun; fertigen; fungieren als
    (unspecified)
    V(infl. unedited)

    jtj
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    Noun.sg.stpr.3sgf
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =s
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron.sg.3.f.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.f

    linke Person:3
     
     
     
     

    Zerstörung
     
     
     
     

    [Špss.]t-kꜣ.w
    person_name
    de
    Schepeseset-kau
    (unspecified)
    PERSN
de
Die leibliche Tochter des Königs, tun/machen ... ihr Vater ... Schepeseset-kau.
Dating (time frame):
4. Dynastie
Author(s): Stefan Grunert; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 14 Nov 2019)

jr jz pn jri̯.n =j m z(my).t n.t tꜣ-ḏsr m-ḥr.j-jb jt.PL qmꜣ(.w) jwf =j sꜥḥ.PL n.PL zp-tp.j nb.PL mn.w m js.w.PL jꜣw.t B.4 pꜣw.tj.PL šꜣꜥ m jri̯.t jdb Ḥq.t ḏr rk Gb jri̯.n =j s{r}t 〈r〉 smnḫ s.t =(j) m-ḥr.j-jb =s〈n〉 〈m〉 spꜣ.t-jgr.t


    jr
    preposition
    de
    was anbetrifft (vorangestellt zur Betonung eines Satzgliedes)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    jz
    substantive_masc
    de
    Grab
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    pn
    demonstrative_pronoun
    de
    dieser [Dem.Pron. sg.m.]
    (unspecified)
    dem.m.sg

    jri̯.n
    verb_3-inf
    de
    machen
    Rel.form.n.sgm.1sg
    V\rel.m.sg-ant:stpr

    =j
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.1.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -1sg

    m
    preposition
    de
    in
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    z(my).t
    substantive_masc
    de
    Wüste
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    n.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    von [Genitiv]
    Adj.sgf
    PREP-adjz:f.sg

    tꜣ-ḏsr
    substantive_masc
    de
    das heilige Land (Nekropole)
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    m-ḥr.j-jb
    preposition
    de
    in der Mitte von (lokal)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    jt.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vorfahren
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.m:pl

    qmꜣ(.w)
    verb_3-lit
    de
    schaffen
    Partcp.act.ngem.plm
    V\ptcp.act.m.pl

    jwf
    substantive_masc
    de
    Fleisch; Körper
    Noun.sg.stpr.1sg
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =j
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.1.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -1sg

    sꜥḥ.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Ehrwürdiger
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.m:pl

    n.PL
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    von [Genitiv]
    Adj.plm
    PREP-adjz:m.pl

    zp-tp.j
    substantive_masc
    de
    erstes Mal; Urzeit
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    nb.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Herr
    Noun.pl.stc
    N.m:pl:stc

    mn.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Denkmäler
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.m:pl

    m
    preposition
    de
    [identifizierend]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    js.w.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    die Alten (die Vorzeitigen)
    Noun.pl.stc
    N.m:pl:stc

    jꜣw.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Amt
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    B.4
     
     
     
     

    pꜣw.tj.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Urgott
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.m:pl

    šꜣꜥ
    verb_3-lit
    de
    (etwas) beginnen, (etwas) anfangen
    Partcp.act.ngem.plm
    V\ptcp.act.m.pl

    m
    preposition
    de
    [Präposition]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    jri̯.t
    verb_3-inf
    de
    machen
    Inf.t
    V\inf

    jdb
    substantive_masc
    de
    Ufer
    Noun.sg.stc
    N.m:sg:stc

    Ḥq.t
    gods_name
    de
    Hekat (Froschgöttin)
    (unspecified)
    DIVN

    ḏr
    preposition
    de
    seit (temporal)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    rk
    substantive_masc
    de
    Zeit
    Noun.sg.stc
    N.m:sg:stc

    Gb
    gods_name
    de
    Geb
    (unspecified)
    DIVN

    jri̯.n
    verb_3-inf
    de
    fertigen
    SC.n.act.ngem.1sg
    V\tam.act-ant:stpr

    =j
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.1.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -1sg

    s{r}t
    personal_pronoun
    de
    es [Enkl. Pron. sg.3.c.]
    (unspecified)
    =3sg.c

    〈r〉
    preposition
    de
    um zu (final)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    smnḫ
    verb_caus_3-lit
    de
    vortrefflich machen
    Inf
    V\inf

    s.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Sitz; Stelle; Stellung; Thron; Wohnsitz
    Noun.sg.stpr.1sg
    N.f:sg:stpr

    =(j)
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.1.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -1sg

    m-ḥr.j-jb
    preposition
    de
    in der Mitte von (lokal)
    Prep.stpr.3pl
    PREP:stpr

    =s〈n〉
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. pl.3.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -3pl

    〈m〉
    preposition
    de
    in
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    spꜣ.t-jgr.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Nekropole, Totenreich
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg
With commentary
en
As for this tomb, which I made in the desert of the sacred land, in the midst of the/my ancestors who had created my flesh (and of) the dignitaries of the first (primeval) time, the possessors of monuments as ancient office-holders, the primeval ones (?) who started with the making of the sandbank of Heqet since the time of Geb, I built it in order to make lasting my place in their midst in the realm of the dead (lit. nome of silence).
Dating (time frame):
Sesostris I. Cheperkare
 – 
Amenemhet II. Nubkaure
Author(s): Renata Landgrafova & Peter Dils; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, Peter Dils, Johannes Jüngling (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 26 Jun 2025)

jꜣ.wt mnḫ(.t) n.t Jtm.w mn.tj m zẖꜣ m jm.jt-pr ḫti̯.y ḥr ḏb.t n.t bj(ꜣ){.t} mj wḏ.n 15 jti̯ =k


    jꜣ.wt
    substantive_fem
    de
    Funktion, Amt
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    mnḫ(.t)
    adjective
    de
    trefflich, vorzüglich
    (unedited)
    ADJ(infl. unedited)

    n.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    Jtm.w
    gods_name
    de
    GN/Atum
    (unedited)
    DIVN(infl. unedited)

    mn.tj
    verb_2-lit
    de
    bleiben, fest sein, fortdauern
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    m
    preposition
    de
    in (der Art)
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    zẖꜣ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Schrift
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    m
    preposition
    de
    etw. sein, zu etw. werden, zu etw. machen
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    jm.jt-pr
    substantive_fem
    de
    Testament
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    ḫti̯.y
    verb_3-inf
    de
    einritzen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    ḥr
    preposition
    de
    auf, über, vor, hinter [lok.]
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    ḏb.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Platte, Barren (als Maß)
    (unedited)
    N.f(infl. unedited)

    n.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    [Gen.]
    (unedited)
    gen

    bj(ꜣ){.t}
    substantive_masc
    de
    Erz, Metall
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    mj
    preposition
    de
    so wie, so als ob, wenn
    (unedited)
    PREP(infl. unedited)

    wḏ.n
    verb_2-lit
    de
    befehlen
    (unedited)
    V(infl. unedited)

    15
     
     
     
     

    jti̯
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    (unedited)
    N.m(infl. unedited)

    =k
    personal_pronoun
    de
    du [pron. suff. 2. masc. sg.]
    (unedited)
    -2sg.m
de
Das vorzügliche Amt des Atum ist als Testament schriftlich festgehalten auf einem Barren von Erz, wie es dein Vater befohlen hat.
Dating (time frame):
19. Dynastie
Author(s): Burkhard Backes; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, Simon D. Schweitzer (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 26 Nov 2024)
650b Glyphs artificially arranged

650b ṯwt jt(j) n(.j) Ḥr.w wtṯ sw m rn =k n(.j) wtṯ


    650b
    650b
     
     
     
     

    ṯwt
    personal_pronoun
    de
    du, [Selbst. Pron. sg.2.m./c.]
    (unspecified)
    2sg.m

    jt(j)
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    n(.j)
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    von [Genitiv]
    Adj.sgm
    PREP-adjz:m.sg

    Ḥr.w
    gods_name
    de
    Horus
    (unspecified)
    DIVN

    wtṯ
    verb_3-lit
    de
    erzeugen; zeugen
    Partcp.act.ngem.sgm
    V\ptcp.act.m.sg

    sw
    personal_pronoun
    de
    ihn [Enkl. Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    =3sg.m

    m
    preposition
    de
    [modal]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    rn
    substantive_masc
    de
    Name
    Noun.sg.stpr.2sgm
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =k
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.2.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -2sg.m

    n(.j)
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    von [Genitiv]
    Adj.sgm
    PREP-adjz:m.sg

    wtṯ
    epith_god
    de
    der Erzeuger (?) (Osiris)
    (unspecified)
    DIVN
Glyphs artificially arranged
de
Du bist der Vater des Horus, der ihn gezeugt hat, in deinem Namen 'Erzeuger'.
Dating (time frame):
Pepi II. Neferkare
Author(s): Doris Topmann; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, Anja Weber (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 04 Dec 2021)
140b Glyphs artificially arranged

140b zerstört [bṯ] ḥw(w).[t](j).PL =k ḫr jt(j) =k ḫr (J)tm(.w)


    140b
    140b
     
     
     
     

    zerstört
     
     
     
     

    [bṯ]
    verb_3-lit
    de
    laufen
    Partcp.act.ngem.sgm
    V\ptcp.act.m.sg

    ḥw(w).[t](j).PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    der Bote
    Noun.pl.stpr.2sgm
    N.m:pl:stpr

    =k
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.2.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -2sg.m

    ḫr
    preposition
    de
    zu (jmdm.) (Richtung)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    jt(j)
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    Noun.sg.stpr.2sgm
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =k
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.2.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -2sg.m

    ḫr
    preposition
    de
    zu (jmdm.) (Richtung)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    (J)tm(.w)
    gods_name
    de
    Atum
    (unspecified)
    DIVN
Glyphs artificially arranged
de
[...], deine Boten [laufen] zu deinem Vater, zu Atum.
Dating (time frame):
Pepi I. Merire
Author(s): Doris Topmann; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, Anja Weber, Gunnar Sperveslage (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 19 Jun 2025)

i. Präsentation durch den König 1 [mz] jn.w.PL jn nṯr-nfr 2 n jtj =f Jmn-Rꜥw nb-⸢ns.tPL-tꜣ.DU⸣ ḫft jwi̯ =f ḥr ḫꜣs.t Ḫt 3 ḥr sksk ḫꜣs.[t.PL] [bšt.PL] ḥr ptpt ꜥꜣm.w 4 [m] ⸢s.t⸣ =sn m ḥḏ nbw ḫsbd mfkꜣ.t 5 m [ꜥꜣ.t] [nb] šps.j.t mj wḏ ⸢=f⸣ ⸢n⸣ ⸢=f⸣ qn.t nḫt r ḫꜣs.t.PL nb


    i. Präsentation durch den König
     
     
     
     

    1
     
     
     
     

    [mz]
    verb_2-lit
    de
    herbeibringen
    Inf
    V\inf

    jn.w.PL
    substantive_masc
    de
    Abgaben
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.m:pl

    jn
    preposition
    de
    seitens (jmds.)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    nṯr-nfr
    epith_king
    de
    der vollkommene Gott (König)
    (unspecified)
    ROYLN

    2
     
     
     
     

    n
    preposition
    de
    hin zu
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    jtj
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    Noun.sg.stpr.3sgm
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    Jmn-Rꜥw
    gods_name
    de
    Amun-Re
    (unspecified)
    DIVN

    nb-⸢ns.tPL-tꜣ.DU⸣
    epith_god
    de
    Herr der Throne der beiden Länder
    (unspecified)
    DIVN

    ḫft
    preposition
    de
    wenn
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    jwi̯
    verb_irr
    de
    kommen
    SC.act.ngem.3sgm
    V\tam.act:stpr

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    ḥr
    preposition
    de
    [lokal]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    ḫꜣs.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Fremdland
    Noun.sg.stc
    N.f:sg:stc

    Ḫt
    place_name
    de
    Land Chatti
    (unspecified)
    TOPN

    3
     
     
     
     

    ḥr
    preposition
    de
    [mit Infinitiv]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    sksk
    verb
    de
    zerstören
    Inf
    V\inf

    ḫꜣs.[t.PL]
    substantive_fem
    de
    Fremdland
    Noun.pl.stabs
    N.f:pl

    [bšt.PL]
    verb_3-lit
    de
    aufrührerisch sein
    Partcp.act.ngem.plm
    V\ptcp.act.m.pl

    ḥr
    preposition
    de
    [mit Infinitiv]
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    ptpt
    verb_4-lit
    de
    niedertreten
    Inf
    V\inf

    ꜥꜣm.w
    substantive_masc
    de
    Asiat
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    4
     
     
     
     

    [m]
    preposition
    de
    in
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    ⸢s.t⸣
    substantive_fem
    de
    Wohnsitz
    Noun.sg.stpr.3pl
    N.f:sg:stpr

    =sn
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. pl.3.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -3pl

    m
    preposition
    de
    bestehend aus
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    ḥḏ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Silber
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    nbw
    substantive_masc
    de
    Gold
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    ḫsbd
    substantive_masc
    de
    Lapislazuli
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    mfkꜣ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Türkis
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    5
     
     
     
     

    m
    preposition
    de
    bestehend aus
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    [ꜥꜣ.t]
    substantive_fem
    de
    Edelstein
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    [nb]
    adjective
    de
    alle
    Adj.sgf
    ADJ:f.sg

    šps.j.t
    nisbe_adjective_substantive
    de
    herrlich
    Adj.sgf
    N-adjz:f.sg

    mj
    preposition
    de
    so wie (Konjunktion)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    wḏ
    verb_2-lit
    de
    befehlen
    SC.act.ngem.3sgm
    V\tam.act:stpr

    ⸢=f⸣
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    ⸢n⸣
    preposition
    de
    für (jmd.)
    Prep.stpr.3sgm
    PREP:stpr

    ⸢=f⸣
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    qn.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Kraft
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    nḫt
    substantive_masc
    de
    Sieg
    (unspecified)
    N.m:sg

    r
    preposition
    de
    bezüglich
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    ḫꜣs.t.PL
    substantive_fem
    de
    Fremdland
    Adj.unspec.
    ADJ

    nb
    adjective
    de
    jeder
    Adj.sgm
    ADJ:m.sg
de
[Präsentation des Königs]: Das Herbeibringen der Tribute seitens des vollkommenen Gottes zu seinem Vater Amun-Re, dem Herrn des Thrones der beiden Länder, als er zurückkam aus dem Fremdland von Chatti und als er zerstört hatte die aufrührerischen Fremdländer, als er niedergetampelt hatte die Asiaten in ihren Wohnsitzen - bestehend aus Silber, Gold, Lapislazuli, Türkis und bestehend aus allem herrlichen Edelstein - so wie er (Amun) ihm Sieg und Kraft über alle Fremdländer gegeben hatte.
Dating (time frame):
Sethos I. Menmaatre
Author(s): Ingelore Hafemann; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: before June 2015 (1992–2015))
descr. Westwand, Südhälft

descr. Westwand, Südhälft 121 k.t ḥs.wt jri̯.yt n =j 122 ḏi̯.tw zꜣ =j smsw Nḫt jri̯.n 123 H̱ty r ḥqꜣ Jnpw.t 124 r jwꜥ.t jt mw.t 125 =f sḫpr m smr-wꜥ.tj 126 ḏi̯.w r ḥꜣ.t n.t Tꜣ-šmꜥ.w


    descr. Westwand, Südhälft
    descr. Westwand, Südhälft
     
     
     
     

    121
     
     
     
     

    k.t
    adjective
    de
    anderer
    Adj.sgf
    ADJ:f.sg

    ḥs.wt
    substantive_fem
    de
    Gunst
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    jri̯.yt
    verb_3-inf
    de
    tun
    Partcp.act.ngem.sgf
    V\ptcp.act.f.sg

    n
    preposition
    de
    für (jmd.)
    Prep.stpr.1sg
    PREP:stpr

    =j
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.1.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -1sg

    122
     
     
     
     

    ḏi̯.tw
    verb_irr
    de
    einsetzen (als)
    SC.tw.pass.ngem.nom.subj
    V\tam-pass

    zꜣ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Sohn
    Noun.sg.stpr.1sg
    N.m:sg:stpr

    =j
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.1.c.]
    (unspecified)
    -1sg

    smsw
    nisbe_adjective_substantive
    de
    ältester
    Adj.sgm
    N-adjz:m.sg

    Nḫt
    person_name
    de
    PN/m
    (unspecified)
    PERSN

    jri̯.n
    verb_3-inf
    de
    gebären
    Rel.form.n.sgm.nom.subj
    V\rel.m.sg-ant

    123
     
     
     
     

    H̱ty
    person_name
    de
    PN/f
    (unspecified)
    PERSN

    r
    preposition
    de
    zu
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    ḥqꜣ
    substantive_masc
    de
    Oberhaupt
    Noun.sg.stc
    N.m:sg:stc

    Jnpw.t
    place_name
    de
    Gau des Anubis (17. o.äg. Gau, Hundegau, Kynopolis)
    (unspecified)
    TOPN

    124
     
     
     
     

    r
    preposition
    de
    gemäß
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    jwꜥ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    das Erbe
    Noun.sg.stc
    N.f:sg:stc

    jt
    substantive_masc
    de
    Vater
    Noun.sg.stc
    N.m:sg:stc

    mw.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Mutter
    Noun.sg.stpr.3sgm
    N.f:sg:stpr

    125
     
     
     
     

    =f
    personal_pronoun
    de
    [Suffix Pron. sg.3.m.]
    (unspecified)
    -3sg.m

    sḫpr
    verb_caus_3-lit
    de
    entstehen lassen
    PsP.3sgm
    V\res-3sg.m

    m
    preposition
    de
    als (etwas sein)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    smr-wꜥ.tj
    title
    de
    einziger Freund (des Königs)
    (unspecified)
    TITL

    126
     
     
     
     

    ḏi̯.w
    verb_irr
    de
    setzen
    PsP.3sgm
    V\res-3sg.m

    r
    preposition
    de
    zu (lok.)
    (unspecified)
    PREP

    ḥꜣ.t
    substantive_fem
    de
    Anfang
    (unspecified)
    N.f:sg

    n.t
    nisbe_adjective_preposition
    de
    von [Genitiv]
    Adj.sgf
    PREP-adjz:f.sg

    Tꜣ-šmꜥ.w
    place_name
    de
    Oberägypten
    (unspecified)
    TOPN
With commentary
de
Eine andere/weitere Gunst, die mir verliehen worden ist, war,
als mein ältester Sohn Nacht, geboren von (der Frau) Chety, zum Herrscher des Kynopolites (17. Gau) ernannt wurde gemäß der Erbschaft des Vaters seiner Mutter,
er, der es zum "Einzigen Freund" gebracht hatte (oder: erzogen worden war) und an der Spitze (oder: am Anfang?) von Oberägypten gestellt worden war.
Dating (time frame):
Amenemhet II. Nubkaure
 – 
Sesostris II. Chacheperre
Author(s): Peter Dils; with contributions by: AV Wortschatz der ägyptischen Sprache, Johannes Jüngling, Lutz Popko (Text file created: before June 2015 (1992–2015), latest changes: 26 Jun 2025)